Requirements June 1972 until September 1995

1. Do TWO of the following:

(a) Chart the motion of the Moon and one planet during 4 hours.  Relate this to a point on the horizon.
(b) Chart the position and appearance of the Moon on the days or nights you can see it for 28 days.
(c) Chart the positions of three constellations and the North Star during 4 hours.  Relate to a point on the horizon.
(d) Watch and report on an eclipse of the Moon, a meteor shower, or similar astronomical event.

2. Describe your findings after checking TWO of the following:

(a) The erosion during a month's time of one of the following:  A stream's banks.  A tract of land from which the vegetation has been removed recently.
(b) An exposure of a rock stratum or strata.  This could be at a road cut, an excavation, or at a natural canyon or river gorge.
(c) The appearance of three different kinds of clouds in the sky.
(d) The environmental conditions which come before and during three different kinds of precipitation.
(e) The changes in the looks of three different kinds of rocks or minerals after being freshly broken and the newly exposed surfaces allowed to weather for a month.

3. Describe what you learned after watching TWO of the following:

(a) The germination of three different kinds of seeds.
(b) The metamorphosis of an insect.
(c) The parts of one flower before and after pollination, and some time before the seeds are ripe.
(d) The buds of five kinds of trees while dormant and after partial opening, either natural or forced.

4. Build models or show the basic scientific principles or ideas that are applied in FIVE of the following:

(a) Using lenses to make a telescope or compound microscope.
(b) Making a dry cell or other kind of electrical "battery."
(c) Extracting a metal from its ore.
(d) Getting crystals from a solution of a substance.
(e) Lifting something too heavy to lift directly.
(f) Making a magnet that can be "turned on and off."
(g) Using materials that are more dense than water to build something that will float.
(h) Shaping an airplane wing so it will lift a plane.
(i) Changing back and forth motion to rotary motion.
(j) Generating carbon dioxide so that some kinds of baked foods will "rise."

5. Design, carry out, and report on or show FIVE experiments that will:

(a) Show the change in volume of salt water above and below freezing temperature.
(b) Show that the composition of the air in a bottle has changed when a bottle is placed over a burning candle until the candle goes out.
(c) Show what happens when new seedlings are badly crowded in a pot of soil.
(d) Show the effects of rusting tendency on an iron nail placed in a jar of water when different metals are wrapped around the nail.
(e) Find out how the strength of an electromagnet is changed by the number of turns of wire and the current.
(f) Show the effect of available water on the root development of seedlings.
(g) Compare the orientation of a plant grown in complete darkness with one grown in light.